The most effective treatments for stuttering include second-generation antipsychotics, selective D1 antagonism, VMAT-2 inhibitors
The 2 VMAT-2 inhibitors, valbenazine and deutetrabenazine, are effective in treating TD, both acutely and long-term, without concerns about increased risk of depression or suicide in the TD population. No head-to-head comparison among VMAT-2 inhibitors and no high-quality, meta-analyzable data are a
A vesicular monoamine transporter 2 (VMAT) inhibitor used for the management of chorea associated with Huntington's Disease. Valbenazine, A vesicular monoamine
INGREZZA (Valbenazine): This drug is another VMAT-2 inhibitor indicated for the treatment of chorea associated with Huntington's disease and
Other than stopping or switching antipsychotic medication, the strongest current evidence for TD treatment is the use of the VMAT inhibitors, deutetrabenazine
VMAT-mediated resistance results from the removal of the neurotoxin from cytosol into vesicular organelles and, consistently, is blocked by the VMAT inhibitor reserpine (Liu et al, 2024). There are two isoforms of mammalian VMAT that are encoded by two separate genes that share 60% homology (Guillot Miller, 2024 ).
Reserpine, an early VMAT inhibitor that was originally developed to be an antipsychotic, is nonselective. It blocks not only VMAT2, which is primarily found
Many drugs that target VMATs act as inhibitors and alter the kinetics of the protein. Much research regarding the effects of altered VMATs on biological systems
The 2 VMAT-2 inhibitors, valbenazine and deutetrabenazine, are effective in treating TD, both acutely and long-term, without concerns about increased risk of depression or suicide in the TD population. No head-to-head comparison among VMAT-2 inhibitors and no high-quality, meta-analyzable data are a
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